Revelation Chapter 6 (NIV)

Up to this point, we have seen a vision of Jesus Christ in his transfigured form, of seven churches and their related characteristics, of heaven, the throne, the 4 living creatures, 24 elders, and, of course, the One who is holding the scroll and One who is the LAMB. In this chapter, there is no more worshipping and praises as previously, but an opening of the seven seals on the book (scroll). They are:
  1. Rider on a white horse,
  2. Rider on a red horse,
  3. Rider on a black horse,
  4. Rider on a pale horse,
  5. Martyrs,
  6. A great earthquake,
  7. and seven angels sound seven trumpets.

































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 1 (NIV)

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1. I watched as the Lamb opened the first of the seven seals. Then I heard one of the four living creatures say in a voice like thunder, "Come!"


The Lamb has taken the book, Revelation 5:7, from the One on the THRONE and has opened the first seal.


One of the living creatures said "COME"...it could have been the first one, the one like a lion, because the next three "COMEs" are identified specifically as second through fourth living creatures. On the other hand, from this verse, one cannot say that the order in which the living creatures are described (Revelation 4:7) is the order in which they speak.

However, a definite transition is occurring. The booming, thunderous voice breaks the praise and worship service which has been going on (chapters 4 and 5). Some Bible scholars indicate that the word "COME" could be translated "GO FORTH". This "GO FORTH" would be more appropriate in sending off the four horsemen in the following verses. Incidentally, symbolically, a thunderous voice usually is associated with impending judgment.

Many expositors believe this chapter begins the seven year period known as "The Tribulation". This period has been equated with Daniel 9:24-27's one week; with the time of Jacob's distress, Jeremiah 30:4-9; and with the destruction of the nations who are enemies of God, Isaiah 34:1-8. What we see described as happening on the earth really is initiated in heaven with THE BREAKING OF THE BOOK'S SEALS.



































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 2 (NIV)

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2. I looked, and there before me was a white horse! Its rider held a bow, and he was given a crown, and he rode out as a conqueror bent on conquest.
     I looked, and there before me was a white horse!

This sequence contains four horsemen. This may parallel the vision of chariots drawn by these same colored horses in Zechariah 6:1-8. If so, the implication here is that the whole earth will be affected by these four horsemen. This appears to be the consensus among expositors.

A horse symbolizes a mobile judgment. That is, this judgment may be progressive or continuously moving across the earth. If we look at the consequences of the four horsemen, they are progressive hardships like hostilities, famine, weighing of nations (peoples), and wild beast attacks. Contrast this with "instantaneous" events such as lightning and earthquakes etc.

This has been interpreted two different ways. The rider on the white horse is Christ, or the rider is Satan (using deception). Let's look at each view in turn.

Christ is the rider.
This is the same rider seen in Revelation 19:11,19. He is armed with a bow only (no arrows). This fulfills prophecy given in Habakkuk 3:9. Furthermore, crowns normally are given to victors or overcomers. Remember that in the last church, Laodicea. the overcomers were granted the right to sit down in victory on His throne, Revelation 3:21.

This view also holds that the terrible things which are to happen to this earth are preceded and ended with the white horse rider. This fits with "the Alpha and Omega" concept - Revelation 22:13.

The devil (deceiver) is the rider.
Holders of this view believe this horseman along with the other three are just instruments of judgments. In this view, the bow (without arrows) would just be a deterrent like nuclear force or star wars or some such. It is not used often but threatened. This is how "conqueror bent on conquest" could be interpreted. The BOW could be that held by Gog (Russia???) as prophesied in Ezekiel 39:1-6, and this bow is knocked from the left hand (at some later time?).

The crown may just indicate political authority.

The "conqueror bent on conquest" may be interpreted as the deception of the church - Matthew 24:5 and Matthew 24:24. If this view is valid, this would indicate that the devil has conquered some churches (congregations) without firing a shot (no arrows, remember). How sad to see a defeated group of "believers" who just want to live in peace with an unbelieving world!

This is a continuous conflict, even in the Revelation; see Revelation 12:17.

The only problem with this view is that it does not make sense to have the four living creatures calling forth these four horsemen if they are the devil and/or his cohorts. Angelic beings are created to worship and praise God; not given to call out or cause evil deception. Even the two beasts in Revelation 13 only have diadems written on horns and no crowns are indicated for them.

































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 3 (NIV)

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3. When the Lamb opened the second seal, I heard the second living creature say, "Come!"
     When the Lamb opened the second seal,
Since the breaking of the seals are listed individually, this indicates that these seals are a series of events to take place on the earth (only place where time really has any meaning; in heaven, time is forever and ever -- Revelation 4:9).
     I heard the second living creature saying, "Come!"
It is not clear if this second creature is the same as the second one described with a calf's face (Revelation 4:7). If there is a connection between the demeanor (calf/ox/servantry} and the red horse (war and bloodshed), it cannot be made with any conviction. When peace is taken, war abounds, and war certainly makes servants of those who remain alive. The dead in a war don't care.

































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 4 (NIV)

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4. Then another horse came out, a fiery red one. Its rider was given power to take peace from the earth and to make men slay each other. To him was given a large sword.

     Then another horse came out, a FIERY RED ONE.

The RED symbolizes bloodshed, as we shall see

































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 5 (NIV)

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5. When the Lamb opened the third seal, I heard the third living creature say, "Come!" I looked, and there before me was a black horse! Its rider was holding a pair of scales in his hand.


The third living creature has the face of the man if this is the third living creature in Revelation 4:7. Again the same command is "Come" This implies that the living creature leads these horses and their riders into doing their terrible deeds. And this terrible deed will affect all of humanity, as we shall see!

     I looked, and there before me was a BLACK HORSE! Its rider was holding a pair of scales in his hand.
The color BLACK is associated with famine; Lamentations 4:1-12 indicates the skin becomes 'blacker than soot'. Christ indicated that famines were to be a part of the tribulation:
Compared to the bow (first horse) and the great sword (second horse), the scales look tame; BUT rationing food can sometimes be the cruelest weapon. It was foretold by Ezekiel in Ezekiel 4:10,16-17, and has been used many times throughout history to defeat, or at least soften, an enemy.

Hunger also is a form of torture. Lamentations 5:1-18 shows that one could kill just to get someone else's bread. Jeremiah (Jeremiah 14:1-9) pleads for mercy from the drought, and as in his time, it will be now, God's judgment will carry on.

It is interesting that, apparently, the conflict brought about by the second horse, is brought to a quick end by the third horse and its rider. It is hard to kill and fight on when one is too weak from hunger.


































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 6 (NIV)

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6. Then I heard what sounded like a voice among the four living creatures, saying, "A quart of wheat for a day's wages, and three quarts of barley for a day's wages, and do not damage the oil and the wine!"
     Then I heard what sounded like a voice among the four LIVING CREATURES, saying,
The charge is given to the third horseman from the midst of the four living creatures. Since they surround the THRONE, it is the ONE who sits on the THRONE who gives this charge. God Himself is speaking.
     "A quart of wheat for a day's wages,
      and three quarts of barley for a day's wages;
The quart of wheat or three quarts of barley is about the equivalent of daily food consumption. This, then, says that during the "famine", all our wages would go to feed us. No more luxury living!
     and do not damage the oil and the wine!"
This has been interpreted several different ways by Bible scholars. On a purely physical level, it would indicate that the rich will still have their luxuries; on a symbolic and spiritual level, this would indicate that the Holy Spirit should still be permitted to do His functions on the earth.

Oil was used extensively in the tabernacle. Olive oil was the oil in the temple lamps, Exodus 27:20-21. And the lamp was to burn continuously. Thus one could say that the churches will be thriving during this time.

In Jesus time, oil and wine was used as medical treatment when one was injured. This was the case in the "Good Samaritan" discussion, Luke 10:25-34-37. The suffering during the famine certainly could be eased by the oil and wine.
 

































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 7 (NIV)

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7. When the Lamb opened the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the fourth living creature say, "Come!"
     When the Lamb opened the fourth seal,
As each of these seals are broken, more of the righteous judgment of God is revealed. This is what Paul was referring to in Romans 2:5. That the seals must be broken, there is no question. God is totally HOLY and RIGHTEOUS. Anything UNHOLY must be purged. The breaking of the fourth seal is part of the purging process.
     I heard the voice of the fourth living creature say, "Come!"
If the fourth living creature is the same as the fourth living creature described in Revelation 4:7, then this judgment will be brought about swiftly as an eagle swoops down and brings quick death to its prey. However, there may be some mercy in this, in that, death probably is preferred over lingering in war and famine.

































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 8 (NIV)

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8. I looked, and there before me was a pale horse! Its rider was named Death, and Hades was following close behind him. They were given power over a fourth of the earth to kill by sword, famine and plague, and by the wild beasts of the earth.


The original meaning of the word here given as 'pale' implied an ashen greenish color. How befitting that the rider's name is DEATH.

The wages in Romans 6:23 are being paid by this horseman.

It is not clear what HADES is. If DEATH is personified, then HADES is something ... like another horseman, dog etc. What can be said is that to a human, DEATH is a very personal thing. It happens (or will happen if we aren't gathered up, 1 Thessalonians 4:17).

Clearly, however, this is a judgment against unbelievers since HADES is right there to clean up after DEATH. All this is under the control of the One who broke the seal, Revelation 1:18 and Matthew 10:28.

This includes everything ... living things, people, plants, animals as well as natural resources, the sea, the atmosphere. This is only one judgment but a quarter of the earth is affected. Those remaining have more to look forward to.

When this judgment takes place, not even a few righteous men like Noah, Daniel, and Job can stop it. See Ezekiel 14:12-23, Jeremiah 15:1-9, and Exodus 9:13-15.




































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 9 (NIV)

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   9When he opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of those who had been slain because of the word of God and the testimony they had maintained.


These are most commonly believed to be those martyred during the tribulation period but may include ALL martyrs since Christ's resurrection.

  1. because of the word of God, and
  2. the TESTIMONY they had maintained.
This is John's expression for true believers. He uses it for himself, Revelation 1:9 and for the overcomers, Revelation 12:10-11.

The expression "under the alter" places this part of the vision in heaven. Recall that the four horsemen under the previous four seals were sent to the earth. There is a symbolic parallel in the Old Testament sacrifices (and the blood related to that) in Leviticus 17:8-16.

It is clear from the use of "the Word of God" and "testimony" that believers will not be killed because of their 'title' such as 'I am a Christian' or 'I am a church member at ...'. These martyrs MUST HAVE KNOWN the Word of God, and they did TESTIFY to Christ's redeeming power.

It is for this reason, the TESTIMONY, that the devil will go to great length's to keep humans from learning, knowing, and understanding the Word of God, both inside and outside the church. Just because the believers are removed in the uptaking, does not mean that there may not be others who will read the Word from the 1000s of Bibles left behind, video tapes left behind, and even this exposition which will be left behind. Even some of the false prophets and false teachers may realize, repent, and believe; these may be among the martyrs.




































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 10 (NIV)

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10. They called out in a loud voice, "How long, Sovereign Lord, holy and true, until you judge the inhabitants of the earth and avenge our blood?"


These are those souls under the alter in verse 9 who were killed for the Word and their testimony.

Sovereign LORD is used 


This is the same description of Jesus given by the angel to the church in Philadelphia, Revelation 3:7.

This is not earthly hateful revenge. These souls are in heaven, pure and bought, BUT God's righteousness demands evil to be judged. 

The curious thing about this portion is that, even in heaven, the souls do NOT know when God will perform this vengeance. This is to say, both heaven occupants and earth occupants do NOT know when these seals will be broken. We do know, however, that God's timing is always perfect!
































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 11 (NIV)

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11. Then each of them was given a white robe, and they were told to wait a little longer, until the number of their fellow servants and brothers who were to be killed as they had been was completed.
     Then each of them was given a white robe,
The white robes are symbolic of their righteous deeds and imputed righteousness by their faith in Christ. We see these souls again in Revelation 7:9. Here they are given their robes; in chapter 7, they are standing around the throne in their white robes giving honor and praise to the One whose blood 'washed their robes', Revelation 7:14.

From physics, white light is the combination of all the colors of light; in a sense, white denotes all radiated energy. This indicates that heaven, since white is the prevalent color, may be a very large concentration of energy. We also know that when material is in close proximity to a source of energy that some of that energy is gained by the material. An example of this is heating a rod of iron; the longer it stays in "the fire" the "whiter" it glows.

So, too, after Moses came back to earth after talking with God, he had to place a veil over his face to not frighten the people, Exodus 34:29-35. When Christ was transfigured before the three disciples, Mark 9:2-8, Christ's garments became radiant and "exceedingly white". Everyone who has had a glimpse of the radiance and majesty comes away TOTALLY changed (2 Peter 1:16-18). Are you looking forward to an encounter like this?

     and they were told to wait a little longer,
What is time to an eternal God? So a little while longer may be a long time for us.
     UNTIL - the number of
Everything has a time and place in God's timetable. And the recompensing of deeds, 2 Corinthians 5:1-10, whether good or bad WILL take place!

































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 12 (NIV)

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12. I watched as he opened the sixth seal. There was a great earthquake. The sun turned black like sackcloth made of goat hair, the whole moon turned blood red,
     I watched as he opened the sixth seal.
These three things along with the next two verses appear to be all one event. It may be that a great impact from outer space will cause the earth (all of it) to shake so violently that volcanoes erupt everywhere spewing ash throughout the atmosphere. This would darken the sun and at night make the moon appear blood red.

When God moves to "talk" to people, these types of natural phenomena appear (Exodus 19:16-25). Also note that repentance and consecration are required before entering the presence of God.

The Old Testament prophets also saw, in visions and dreams, similar events. Jesus refers to the signs to take place in the sun, moon, and stars. Here are a few references:
Joel 2:1-11
Joel 2:28-32
Isaiah 2:12-22
Isaiah 13:9-13
Jeremiah 4:27-31
Ezekiel 32:1-8
Zephaniah 1:14-18
Matthew 24:29-31
Luke 21:9-11
Luke 21:25-28
Mark 13:6-8



































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 13 (NIV)

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13and the stars in the sky fell to earth, as late figs drop from a fig tree when shaken by a strong wind.
     and the STARS in the sky FELL to earth,
Stars, from a Revelation perspective, are any space objects other than the sun and moon. They may literally be the stars we see at night (hot gaseous bodies like our sun) or planets or comets or other unheated objects. Since this verse is a continuation of the previous verse, this implies that some of the STARS are massive enough that they are not entirely burned up in the atmosphere before striking the earth.

Our astromoners tell us that there is a band of asteroids near the outer rim of our solar system which may have eccentric enough orbits such that a cluster of asteroids would intercept the earth's orbit. Even though space is almost empty, our moon's surface and its many crater pock marks indicate that collisions between orbiting bodies are not that rare. It appears that this is what this broken seal is describing.

     as late figs drop from a fig tree when shaken by a strong wind.
While the fig tree in scripture has many symbolic meanings, here it is used as the common example of the impact or force with which the STARS will collide with the earth. This is part of the 'shaking' the prophet Haggai refers to, Haggai 2:1-9. This portion of the verse also indicates that there will be an excessive wind (globally) generated from the impacts. This seems reasonable in light of our experiences with manmade and natural explosions (like Mount St. Helens, for example, where trees were knocked down for miles around the mountain). Hundreds even thousands of miles from the impact site, the 'ping of late figs' will be felt. With an impact this large, large chunks of the earth's surface would be dislodged and propelled to such heights that these chunks will fall back to earth miles from the 'zero ground'. Each of these chunks would then cause its own mini crater and dust plume. Hence, worldwide the sun can be made dark and the moon look like blood.







































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 14 (NIV)

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14The sky receded like a scroll, rolling up, and every mountain and island was removed from its place.

        






































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 15 (NIV)

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15Then the kings of the earth, the princes, the generals, the rich, the mighty, and every slave and every free man hid in caves and among the rocks of the mountains.
So great is the catastrophe that ALL mankind, leaders, wealthy, and just plain ordinary folks will want to hide from the great COSMIC display of wrath. Not even the false security of one's position, Isaiah 47:8-11, will stop this display of wrath.

It is interesting to note that there is no repentance in these peoples wish; they just want to hide. This would indicate that they have made the choice to NOT follow Jesus. And if there are believers during this terrible event, they can be assured that God is still the same (Psalm 102:23-28). The earth may wear out as a garment, Isaiah 51:4-6-8, but 'My salvation is forever'. This event will occur as prophesied, Isaiah 13:9-13.

Be aware, though, this is not just a terrible event; it is testing of things which can be shaken. In Hebrews 12:18-28-29, the things which CANNOT be shaken are those which matter. They are an acceptable service with reverence and awe.


































Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 16 (NIV)

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16. They called to the mountains and the rocks, "Fall on us and hide us from the face of him who sits on the throne and from the wrath
of the Lamb!
     They called to the mountains and the rocks,
           "Fall on us and HIDE us
This request is also predicted in the Old Testament in Isaiah 2:19-22.

Sin always causes man to want to HIDE from GOD. Just trying to hide from GOD causes distress as Israel found out in Hosea 10:8-10. It is clear that as Christ was on the way to Calvary and His earthly death, this retribution was on His mind. He quotes from this same Hosea passage of scripture, Luke 23:28-31. He was/is fully aware of what Calvary means and its place among the seven seals of Revelation.

The wrath of the Lamb appears to be a contradiction. How can a lamb, meek and docile, display wrath? (John 5:26-27). From here on, the "Wrath of the Lamb" is a recurring theme. Look for it!






























Revelation Chapter 6, Verse 17 (NIV)

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17For the great day of their wrath has come, and who can stand?"
     "For
Even after all the awfulness of the sixth seal judgment, men will crawl out of their caves, see that the heavenly catastrople is over, and want to rebuild on their own strength. Probably many will accept Christ and be quickly martyred to join those under the fifth seal, Revelation 6:9.